This puts them at the top of the political environmental agenda, where they are likely to remain for the foreseeable future. Life cycle impacts of plastic packaging compared to substitutes in the united states and canada theoretical substitution analysis prepared for the plastics division of the american chemistry council acc by franklin associates, a division of eastern research group erg april 2018. Lifecycle assessment lca also called lifecycle analysis is a tool. Life cycle assessment of example packaging systems for milk 2 life cycle stages considered the study assesses the potential environmental impacts for the full life cycle of each milk packaging system, also often called a cradle to grave approach. This paper explores the operations of a global supply chain for extravirgin olive oil evoo according to a life cycle assessment lca methodology.
Life cycle assessment lca in 2017, oi refreshed its lca in compliance with iso 14044 standards. Objectives of undertaking glass for lca study glass has been an inevitable architectural element right from very old age. Lifecycle assessment lca also called lifecycle analysis is a tool for examining the total environmental impact of a product through every step of its life from obtaining raw materials all the way through making it in a factory, selling it in a store, using it in the workplace or at home, and disposing of it. Life cycle assessment of a parabolic trough concentrating. The report that follows is a life cycle assessment lca of three types of drinking water systems water packaged in disposable bottles, tap water consumed from reusable drinking containers, and homeoffice delivery water consumed from reusable drinking containers. Life cycle assessment of a parabolic trough concentrating solar power plant and the impacts of key design alternatives john j. The life cycle of glass bottle was observed as cycling from glass bottle production, tea beverage industry, consumer, cullet recycling, and come back to glass bottle production. The declared unit for this epd is one metric tonne of flat glass maintained for a 30year period. Pdf comparison of life cycle assessment of pet bottle and.
Social impacts economic impacts lifecycle assessment definition. An introduction to life cycle assessment lca nick santero, ph. Life cycle assessment of cfgf continuous filament glass. Life cycle assessment for a plastic and a glass product. Glass is the only food and beverage packaging material that is endlessly recyclable back to its original use. Life cycle assessment lca is a technique to assess all potential environmental impacts of any action and covers the entire life of the product. The life cycle assessment is conducted using simapro software and the lcia is performed using the recipe midpoint and endpoint method hierachisteuropean average 10. In addition to the use of scms in the concrete mix, concrete.
In addition, alternate logistical scenarios are considered which are independent of. This lca used internal and external operational data that was considerably more robust than what had been used previously. An lca entails examining the product from the extraction of raw materials for the manufacturing process, through the production and use of the. Life cycle assessment lca is a means to assess the ecological footprint. Environmental overview complete life cycle assessment of. Lca of glass associated with a fully glazed commercial building. Life cycle assessment on aluminium can and glass bottle for packaging of 500 ml beer abstract comparison of the environmental impacts of two different products, glass bottle and aluminum can for packaging of 500ml beer prepared by. For this, the life cycle impact assessment method cml 2001 was selected. Life cycle assessment and \ife cycle costing tools are applied in these demonstration projects in addition to establishing key design requirements and metrics. Life cycle assessment of concrete buildings by lionel lemay, p. Here, we report on the straightforward twostep synthesis of a diol with a spirocyclic acetal structure, starting from biobased vanillin and pentaerythritol. Life cycle leave a reply click here to cancel reply. Ieapvpstask 12 methodology guidelines on life cycle assessment of photovoltaic electricity 1 executive summary life cycle assessment lca is a structured, comprehensive method of quantifying material and energyflows and their associated impacts in the life cycles of products i. The advantages of impact assessment and life cycle assessment lca have been highly documented based on the amount of published academia in the recent years.
According to a preliminary life cycle assessment lca, the greenhouse gas emissions of this biobased diol. Effects of battery manufacturing on electric vehicle life. Pdf comparison of life cycle assessment of pet bottle. As previously this was a most debated part of a life cycle assessment study, certain protocols and standards are recommended by the iso 14040. In order to obtain the environmental performance of the studied processes, a. Glassfibreeurope, the european glass fibre producers association commissioned pwc to prepare the following report that presents the cradletogate life cycle inventory and life cycle impact assessment results of several continuous filament glass fiber products direct and assembled rovings, wet and dry chopped strands, as. The environmental impacts associated with glass and plastic bottles. Lifecycle assessment lca also called life cycle analysis is a tool for examining the total environmental impact of a product through every step of its life from obtaining raw materials all the way through making it in a factory, selling it in a store, using it in the workplace or at home, and disposing of it. Comparative analysis of energy and environmental impacts and evaluation of the ecoefficiency improvement potential. The study considers the environmental impacts associated with packaging systems used to provide one baby food meal in france, spain, and germany in 2007. Life cycle assessment lca of windows and window materials. Final report life cycle assessment of example packaging systems for milk doorstep distribution system a life cycle assessment covering the potential environmental impact of different example milk containers for pasteurised milk available on the uk market, distributed via a doorstep delivery system. This means that the milk container systems were assessed from raw.
The lca assessment methodology is applied to determine the environmental impact categories associated with the bottled evoo life cycle. Life cycle assessment department of environmental affairs. Lifecycle assessment for paper products wood in our. Glass bottle is used as packaging for beverage product to keep its quality. The european flat glass industry is fully committed to developing products with the smallest environmental burden and the greatest benefits. Life cycle assessment lca of pet bottles sciencedirect.
Life cycle assessment study of glass in built environment 1. Note that comparison of epd results on a mass basis, alone, is insufficient and should consider the technical performance of the product. Life cycle assessment of drinking water systems 09lq104 preface. The purpose of this study is to conduct a standalone life cycle assessment lca intended for the solar panel manufacturers gaia solar. Life cycle assessment of two baby food packaging alternatives. Three key elements of life cycle assessment tion goal definition and scope life cycle inventory assessment impact assessment. Life cycle assessment quantifies the environmental impacts of a building material or product throughout its entire life. Life cycle assessment of greenhouse tomato solanum. Life cycle assessment lca of reusable and singleuse coffee. Life cycle assessment of illuminants a comparison of light. It is a tool used to assess the stages and impact of a products entire life, from raw material extraction cradle to waste treatment grave. This interim report does not represent a complete life cycle assessment according to iso standard. Life cycle assessment lca life cycle assessment lca is a tool to evaluate the environmental effects of a product or process throughout its entire life cycle.
Life cycle assessment of automated container port logistics systems. Benchmark life cycle assessment identifies ecobenefits of carton over glass and pet alternatives 08 aug 2019 a stateoftheart environmental lifecycle assessment lca has found that singleuse beverage cartons compare favorably with reusable glass bottles and outperform singleuse pet bottles across the fresh milk, juice. Cradle tocradle life cycle assessment of indian glass containers. Window and advanced glazing systems life cycle assessment. Life cycle assessment lca is used as a tool for the assessment of energy consumption and associated impacts generated from utilization of energy in building construction and operation. The complete life cycle assessment of north american container glass. Lifecycle assessment or life cycle assessment lca, also known as life cycle analysis is a methodology for assessing environmental impacts associated with all the stages of the life cycle of a commercial product, process, or service. The objectives of this study were life cycle assessment lca of glass bottle, environmental impact assessment, and. Some of the arguments made about the material arent based entirely on fact, so knowing a little more about the life cycle of a plastic bottle can help weed out the falsehoods. Postdoctoral scholar civil and environmental engineering university of california, berkeley alissa kendall, ph.
This report is for glass for europes use only and or use approved by glass for europe. Epas national risk management research laboratory in cincinnati, ohio. Life cycle assessment for a plastic and a glass product life cycle assessment lca is a means to assess the ecological footprint. All of the data used in this study is from the ecoinvent 3. Therefore, the analysis is a cradletogate approach. Life cycle assessment or life cycle assessment lca, also known as life cycle analysis is a methodology for assessing environmental impacts associated with all the stages of the life cycle of a commercial product, process, or service. When bulbs are broken, the hg in elemental form is released to the. Life cycle assessment of illuminants 5 life cycle impact assessment method the method for this analysis is the life cycle assessment as outlined in iso 14040 and 14044. Environmental life cycle assessment lca has developed fast over the last three decades. Life cycle inventories and life cycle assessments of. Whereas lca developed from merely energy analysis to a comprehensive environmental burden analysis in the 1970s, full.
In this study, two different water packaging types, consists of glass bottle and pet bottle are evaluated from life cycle analysis criteria. Mary ann curran, phd, is an internationally recognized expert in the field of life cycle assessment and management. This includes impacts during extraction, processing, manufacturing, transportation, use, reuse, maintenance, recycling and eventual disposal. Prepared by lindita bushi, jamie meil and grant finlayson athena sustainable materials institute 119 ross avenue, suite 100 ottawa, ontario, canada k1y 0n6 email. This report provides a description of the dow chemical packaging project that investigated the life cycle design of milk and juice containers. The life cycle assessment then makes it possible to ecoinnovate, i. For instance, in the case of a manufactured product, environmental impacts are assessed from raw material extraction and processing cradle, through the. Life cycle assessment, or lca, is the investigation and evaluation of the environmental impacts of a product, process or service. An industry average cradletogate life cycle assessment. Mar 27, 2020 life cycle assessment quantifies the environmental impacts of a building material or product throughout its entire life. Life cycle assessment is a quantitative technique for assessing the resource use and resulted environmental impacts of a product from cradle to grave. Final report life cycle assessment of example packaging.
For instance, in the case of a manufactured product, environmental impacts are assessed from raw material. Lca of container glass and comparison with pet, beverage carton. The functional unit of the analysis is a ton of glass grade silica sand. Introduction to life cycle assessment 9 1 introduction to life cycle assessment this section of the handbook introduces the concept of life cycle assessment lca. Report life cycle assessment float glass lca glass. Plastic life cycle assessment of extravirgin olive oil bottles across global supply chains lca study that compares a glass bottle to a plastic bottle extravirgin olive oil climate change, ozone layer depletion, nonrenewable energy use, acidification, eutrophication and photochemical smog glass bottle had a lower impact than the. The environmental defense fund edf, in conjunction with a group of major u.
The present study has been done in the framework of the european project image implementation of advanced glazing systems in europe and offers to the glass industry, engineers, architects and all people dealing with energy in buildings a reliable indicator of the environmental impact of advanced windows. Life cycle assessment on glass in built environment issuu. This recent approach towards tracking the environmental impact of a specific product or process has been manipulated to better suit each and every need. Life cycle stages, inputs and outputs for life cycle assessment. Even though the lca is standalone, the methodology and. The methodology used for a life cycle assessment lca can greatly influence its conclusions about the carbon intensity of batteries. Assistant professor civil and environmental engineering university of california, davis.
Life cycle assessment of deinked and virgin pulp final. Reusable cups life cycle assessment and benchmark executive summary keepcup is one of the worlds bestknown designers, manufacturers and sellers of reusable plastic and glass coffee cups. This document presents a simple example of the steps in life cycle assessment of buildings. Life cycle assessment of the all india glass manufacturers. In the greenbuilding industry, an lca has two primary benefits.
This is a comprehensive life cycle assessment lca of the north american glass. Life cycle impacts of plastic packaging compared to. Environmental life cycle assessment of drinking water alternatives and consumer beverage consumption in north america. Plastic bags were first introduced in 1977 and now account for four out of every five bags handed out at grocery stores. Life cycle assessment lca of reusable and singleuse coffee cups ceramic mug. She began working on lca methodology in 1990 at the u. Life cycle assessment is an objective process to evaluate the environmental burdens associated with a product, process, or activity by identifying energy and materials used and wastes released to the environment, and to evaluate and implement opportunities to affect environmental improvements. Synthesis, life cycle assessment, and polymerization of a. Lcas are one of the most effective ways to evaluate how a product will impact the environment. Videos 2, 3 and 4 of the gabi paper clip video tutorial series accompany it. Benchmark lifecycle assessment identifies ecobenefits.
Climate change and the sustainable use of natural resources are among the main challenges for society today. Cocacola explores alternative containers besides the glass bottle. A small gingerbread house is used instead of a real life building for the sake of simplicity, and also to focus attention on the process instead of the material results. An environmental life cycle assessment lca and related economic impact of contrast media packaging by. Case study life cycle assessment of two baby food packaging alternatives. Pdf life cycle assessment of automated container port. Report for keepcup reusable coffee cups life cycle. Home resource center materials research material life cycles glass. Life cycle assessment of float glass 6 2 system description although today, flat glass comes in many highly specialised forms intended for different products and applications construction, automotive and solarenergy, the following study covers the data needed up to the production of float glass by way of the float process. A practice guide referred to as the practice guide in this document. The system boundary of the lca covers the environmental impacts of glass from cradle to gate plus end of life. The goal of this study is to provide the aluminum association, concerned aluminum industry stakeholders, and life cycle assessment practitioners with up. Pwc lca of cfgf continuous filament glass fibre products executive summary glassfibreeurope, the european glass fibre producers association commissioned pwc to prepare the following report that presents the cradletogate lifecycle inventory and lifecycle impact assessment results of. The lca assessment methodology is applied to determine the environmental impact categories associated with the bottled evoo life cycle, focusing on packaging.
Coca cola explores alternative containers besides the glass bottle. Life cycle assessment lca is the calculation and evaluation of the environmentally relevant inputs and outputs and the potential environmental impacts of the life cycle of a product, material or service sabs iso, 1998. Life cycle assessment and environmental impacts when building. Disposal for the disposal of coffee, all coffee grounds, no matter the method, can be composted.
An industry average cradletogate life cycle assessment of glass mat gypsum panel for the usa and canadian markets, august 2016. Turchi national renewable energy laboratory, 1617 cole blvd. Life cycle assessment is a cradletograve or cradletocradle analysis technique to assess environmental impacts associated with all the stages of a products life, which is from raw material extraction through materials processing, manufacture, distribution, and use. Life cycle assessment an overview sciencedirect topics. It considers all life stages of a product from resource extraction and commodity manufacturing to secondary manufacturing, use, maintenance and end of life. Life cycle assessment is a standardized method for examining the environmental and human health impacts associated with a product throughout its lifetime, including the general categories of raw material extraction, transportation, manufacturing, use and disposal. Jul 15, 2016 life cycle assessment on aluminium can and glass bottle 1. The companys mission is to encourage the use of reusable cups, and in doing so help move society away from their disposable alternatives. Life cycle assessment is the most comprehensive one carbon the life cycle assessment then makes it possible to ecoinnovate, i. To do so, it continuously improves the energy efficiency and environmental performance of its manufacturing activities and of its products.
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